Array

An array is a linear collection of finite number of homogeneous data elements that store in a successive memory locations.
Size of array 
In case start index zero.
size=Upper Bound-Lower Bound+1
In case start index one.
size=Upper Bound
TYPES OF ARRAY
One dimensional array
Two dimensional array
Multi dimensional array
ONE DIMENSIONAL ARRAY
One dimensional array is a  array in which each element of array refer by single or one subscript.
Example:-A[1],A(1)
TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY
Two dimensional array is array in which each element of array is refer by two subscript.Two dimensional array structure require to store data in a form of table.
Example:-A[1,2],A(1,2)
MULTI DIMENSIONAL ARRAY
Multidimensional array is array in which each element of array reffer by two or more subscript.
 Example:-A[1].......A[n];
LINEAR ARRAY
A linear array is a list of a finite number n of homogeneous data elements such that the elements of the array are stored in successive memory locations.
 Ex:-A[4].
Upper Bound is the largest index.                                 
Lower Bound is the smallest index.                            
Formula:-  Length=Upper Bound-Lower Bound+1
Let LA be a linear array in the memory of the computer.The element of linear array are stored in consecutive memory locations.The computer does not keep track of address of each element of array.It only keeps track of the base address of the array. We can find out the location of any element by using formula and example:
LOCATION(LA[k])=Base(LA)+W(K-LB)
LOCATION(LA[K]) is the location of the K element LA.
W is the number of bytes taken by one     element.
K is the K  element.
LB is the lower bound.
Example:-Location(A[3])=1000+2(3-1) :=1000+2(2):=1004
TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY
Two dimensional array is array in which each element of array is refer by two subscript.Two dimensional array structure require to store data in a form of table.Ex:-A[1,2],A(1,2)
A two-dimensional m*n array A is a collection of m.n data elements such that each element is specified by a pair of integers(j,k).
Example:-A[3][3];
REPRESENTATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY IN MEMORY
Memory representation of a 2-D array is different from the linear array.Specifically,the programming language will store the array A either (1) column by column is called column-major order and(2) row by row,is called row-major order.Let  A[3][3].
ROW MAJOR ORDER
TO FIND ADDRESS
Formula:- LOCATION(A[J.k])=Base(A)+w[N(J-1)+(K-1)]
COLUMN MAJOR ORDER
TO FIND ADDRESS
Formula:- LOCATION(A[J,K])=Base(A)+w[M(K-1)+(J-1)]

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